Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30718-589d22da69) Lines: 1423 1535 92.7 %
Date: 2026-02-27 09:23:18 Functions: 650 707 91.9 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2m_coeff 8156428
F2m_copy 200430
F2m_flip 1554059
F2m_set 798
F2v_clear 12353558
F2v_coeff 661436096
F2v_copy 4487
F2v_ei 42
F2v_flip 1554059
F2v_set 101429640
F2v_to_F2x 37860
F2xX_shift 0
F2x_clear 12353561
F2x_coeff 667990288
F2x_copy 59790808
F2x_div 1571410
F2x_equal 4669893
F2x_equal1 2873702
F2x_flip 1554059
F2x_renormalize 112554762
F2x_set 123308933
F2xqX_div 33173
F3m_coeff 3255869
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
Flm_copy 6433605
Flm_row 8741853
Flv_copy 2555021
Flx_constant 333913
Flx_copy 173089264
Flx_div 1998007
Flx_div_pre 21687639
Flx_equal1 8195274
Flx_lead 978789
Flx_mulu 1105093
FlxqX_div 0
FlxqX_div_pre 165412
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQX_div 4526
FpXQX_renormalize 4694350
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FpXX_renormalize 849903
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
FpX_div 5581192
FpX_renormalize 145820871
Fp_add 181271118
Fp_addmul 11284645
Fp_center 77210128
Fp_center_i 17958698
Fp_div 15034266
Fp_divu 15128753
Fp_double 20950818
Fp_halve 247271
Fp_inv 23436907
Fp_invsafe 1098032
Fp_mul 200772057
Fp_muls 17780
Fp_mulu 71445220
Fp_neg 31475845
Fp_red 82932396
Fp_sqr 64205224
Fp_sub 203120100
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_mul 22766
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_Fp_mul 571664
FqX_Fq_mul 427287
FqX_add 127694
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_degfact 47786
FqX_deriv 40061
FqX_div 38565
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_extgcd 444765
FqX_factor 140960
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
FqX_gcd 8288
FqX_get_red 6090
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_halve 19411
FqX_integ 0
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
FqX_mul 367710
FqX_mulu 21942
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_normalize 4144
FqX_powu 1295
FqX_red 25354
FqX_rem 37743
FqX_roots 7273
FqX_sqr 71855
FqX_sub 68607
FqX_to_mod 175
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_expint 6590
FqXn_inv 7126
FqXn_mul 263403
FqXn_sqr 0
Fq_red 3106488
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
GENbinbase 917347319
QV_isscalar 54416127
Q_abs 8062745
Q_abs_shallow 120236
Qtoss 35364
R_abs 0
R_abs_shallow 13097
RgC_fpnorml2 619851
RgC_gtofp 34032961
RgC_gtomp 574
RgM_dimensions 9954357
RgM_fpnorml2 22661
RgM_gtofp 8257958
RgM_gtomp 21
RgM_minor 1036
RgM_shallowcopy 22230953
RgV_gtofp 56
RgV_is_QV 140730
RgV_is_ZV 32095105
RgV_isin 110151
RgV_isin_i 110151
RgV_isscalar 1210266
RgXQX_div 1904
RgXQX_rem 127635
RgX_coeff 2667901
RgX_copy 103400594
RgX_div 6998010
RgX_equal_var 26883003
RgX_fpnorml2 61600
RgX_gtofp 7145272
RgX_is_QX 399931
RgX_is_ZX 22423060
RgX_is_monomial 1331397
RgX_is_rational 68165
RgX_isscalar 0
RgX_renormalize 349807
RgX_shift_inplace 479369
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479369
RgX_to_RgV 140
Rg_col_ei 1451011
Rg_to_Fq 756
ZC_hnfrem 10697342
ZM_ZV_mod 610662
ZM_hnfrem 401438
ZM_lll 7117675
ZV_ZV_mod 8147134
ZV_dvd 23485
ZV_isscalar 23675288
ZV_to_zv 3211716
ZXQ_mul 2161195
ZXQ_sqr 960431
ZX_equal1 10488
ZX_is_monic 7374287
ZX_renormalize 155006825
Z_ispower 98
Z_issquare 509425
abgrp_get_cyc 12230804
abgrp_get_gen 1765037
abgrp_get_no 406711
absfrac 46540143
absfrac_shallow 28237
addmuliu 541571
addmuliu_inplace 59646234
affc_fixlg 249623
affgr 899594
bid_get_MOD 2157245
bid_get_U 3680224
bid_get_arch 41188
bid_get_archp 2397104
bid_get_cyc 5739815
bid_get_fact 2498948
bid_get_fact2 2201565
bid_get_gen 64274
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_grp 5804668
bid_get_ideal 72842
bid_get_mod 1521922
bid_get_no 0
bid_get_sarch 48594
bid_get_sprk 2157973
bin_copy 472054278
bit_accuracy 3128202914
bit_accuracy_mul 3175730
bit_prec 143261570
bnf_get_clgp 5375013
bnf_get_cyc 3686152
bnf_get_fu 25859
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289083
bnf_get_gen 1680322
bnf_get_logfu 2874772
bnf_get_nf 9865173
bnf_get_no 8372
bnf_get_reg 648
bnf_get_sunits 1367770
bnf_get_tuN 282993
bnf_get_tuU 303575
bnr_get_bid 2046093
bnr_get_bnf 3710946
bnr_get_clgp 2830229
bnr_get_cyc 2522559
bnr_get_gen 7847
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
bnr_get_mod 77119
bnr_get_nf 1399078
bnr_get_no 277490
both_odd 123792525
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
cgetalloc 10115
cgetc 975457
cgiv 105479816
checkell_i 5593255
closure_arity 356178708
closure_codestr 305780218
closure_get_code 28
closure_get_data 305723496
closure_get_dbg 13646
closure_get_frame 14717202
closure_get_oper 305748942
closure_get_text 37122
closure_is_variadic 45905917
col_ei 5924546
coltrunc_init 740257
const_col 9729680
const_vec 34642167
const_vecsmall 18744402
constant_coeff 1441465
cxcompotor 18210445
cxnorm 91198394
cxtofp 9079301
cxtoreal 337204
cyc_get_expo 2757552
cyclic_perm 99911
dbllog2r 92819190
degpol 5506834237
div_content 58503
divsBIL 8106391057
ellQp_get_p 1134
ellQp_get_prec 308
ellQp_get_zero 1463
ellR_get_prec 232750
ellR_get_sign 371535
ell_get_a1 8997097
ell_get_a2 7106195
ell_get_a3 8814064
ell_get_a4 8536736
ell_get_a6 10370974
ell_get_b2 7371030
ell_get_b4 2550216
ell_get_b6 3863115
ell_get_b8 3297414
ell_get_c4 11017356
ell_get_c6 13473702
ell_get_disc 16814454
ell_get_j 2126269
ell_get_type 12498803
ell_is_inf 49355014
ellff_get_a4a6 800045
ellff_get_field 2036914
ellinf 1208315
ellnf_get_bnf 119
ellnf_get_nf 2027235
equali1 1166995502
equalim1 139504414
err_get_compo 294
err_get_num 62568
gaddgs 123248583
gal_get_den 27866
gal_get_e 91
gal_get_gen 15435
gal_get_group 80385
gal_get_invvdm 27873
gal_get_mod 23758
gal_get_orders 6678
gal_get_p 6006
gal_get_pol 36315
gal_get_roots 32731
gc_GEN 233662329
gc_INT 4133547499
gc_INT_affii 11576333
gc_all 102390031
gc_leaf 1134595043
gc_slice 2204311
gc_upto 1959257930
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_Ui 10983
gchar_get_basis 32816
gchar_get_bnf 205373
gchar_get_cyc 16177
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_hnf 0
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
gchar_get_m0 3318
gchar_get_mod 8225
gchar_get_modP 4095
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_get_nc 37261
gchar_get_nf 243946
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_nm 1869
gchar_get_ns 36995
gchar_get_ntors 322
gchar_get_prec 18795
gchar_get_r1 17444
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_get_u0 4252
gchar_get_zm 281911
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
gchar_set_m0 945
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
gchar_set_prec 1225
gchar_set_u0 2121
gcmpgs 761911
gdivsg 531591
gen_I 1268171
gener_Fq_local 29946
gequalgs 29176
get_F2x_degree 1928981
get_F2x_mod 2489642
get_F2x_var 2534213
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
get_F2xqX_mod 343
get_F2xqX_var 375375
get_Flx_degree 83533050
get_Flx_mod 25491179
get_Flx_var 68352641
get_FlxqX_degree 317580
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
get_FlxqX_var 264435
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
get_FpXQX_var 51630
get_FpX_degree 6969162
get_FpX_mod 3392036
get_FpX_var 6958127
gisdouble 2996509
gmax_shallow 13510200
gmaxsg 0
gmin_shallow 877790
gminsg 0
gmulgs 23941295
gmulgu 283104681
gsubgs 1724699
gtodouble 60900185
gtofp 254406635
gtomp 22428
gtos 85855632
gtou 100687
guncloneNULL 49837961
guncloneNULL_deep 1522139
gval 6230
hash_str 2740046
hash_str_len 31635102
icopy_avma 8047319683
idealchineseinit 5427
idealred 138437
identity_ZV 8113
identity_perm 3242513
identity_zv 3266864
inf_get_sign 1452932
inv_content 0
is_bigint 571801644
is_const_t 4899780100
is_extscalar_t 6876
is_intreal_t 9584690
is_matvec_t 659219536
is_noncalc_t 85779747
is_pm1 2216959076
is_qfb_t 0
is_rational_t 5032619
is_real_t 62059903
is_recursive_t 9189785646
is_scalar_t 375717948
is_universal_constant 326434948
is_vec_t 43943008
isint1 17585012
isintm1 5709603
isintzero 2845398146
ismpzero 9584593
isonstack 8317238530
killblock 1964305
leading_coeff 171832318
leafcopy_avma 578009650
lg_increase 447544808
lgcols 352653283
lgpol 2683015244
lincombii 38253656
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
locs_get_cyc 52136
locs_get_famod 1288
locs_get_m_infty 209475
locs_get_mod 8225
logint 754853
matpascal 3983
matslice 16824045
mkcol 10652439
mkcol2 156934658
mkcol2s 4416244
mkcol3 88314
mkcol3s 315
mkcol4 103467
mkcol4s 0
mkcol5 94
mkcol6 232470
mkcolcopy 33561
mkcols 40411
mkcomplex 91609976
mkerr 0
mkfrac 41646529
mkfraccopy 4999451
mkfracss 1209563
mkintmod 8070797
mkintmodu 1834
mkmat 4779701
mkmat2 33666319
mkmat22 50247845
mkmat22s 207578
mkmat3 17001
mkmat4 84
mkmat5 0
mkmatcopy 122271
mkmoo 108802
mkoo 1331890
mkpadic 2009
mkpolmod 3103718
mkqfb 27929865
mkquad 69118
mkrfrac 698439
mkrfraccopy 14
mkvec 69526438
mkvec2 213196363
mkvec2copy 114526
mkvec2s 220244
mkvec3 123775426
mkvec3s 524441
mkvec4 10146628
mkvec4s 21
mkvec5 15185809
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
mkvec6s 301
mkveccopy 122528
mkvecs 168
mkvecsmall 131303735
mkvecsmall2 235024469
mkvecsmall3 103244075
mkvecsmall4 18674086
mkvecsmall5 1717494
modpr_get_T 13867075
modpr_get_p 1887627
modpr_get_pr 31236573
mul_content 2657266
mul_denom 10707451
mulsubii 3887323
nbits2extraprec 1458303475
nbits2ndec 228
nbits2nlong 12713055
nbits2prec 186142520
nbrows 158248857
nchar2nlong 127762945
ndec2nbits 8270
ndec2nlong 41584
ndec2prec 33314
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26299
nf_get_G 304899
nf_get_M 21746007
nf_get_Tr 22082
nf_get_degree 71369775
nf_get_diff 4445
nf_get_disc 463482
nf_get_index 3711383
nf_get_invzk 9767421
nf_get_pol 98108444
nf_get_r1 23466447
nf_get_r2 4154
nf_get_ramified_primes 64644
nf_get_roots 1628967
nf_get_roundG 1748210
nf_get_sign 519553
nf_get_varn 1503758
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_zkden 5459734
nf_get_zkprimpart 5413996
normalize_frac 17205293
odd 2120192128
pari_calloc 47609
pari_err_BUG 14
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
pari_err_COPRIME 91
pari_err_DIM 718
pari_err_DOMAIN 2869
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_IMPL 539
pari_err_INV 20025
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIME 98
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
pari_err_TYPE 15370
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
pari_err_VAR 371
pari_free 486427983
pari_malloc 722463371
pari_realloc 1873
pari_realloc_ip 2348527
pari_stack_alloc 1005891587
pari_stack_base 1011783531
pari_stack_delete 5930915
pari_stack_init 6356043
pari_stack_new 910614241
pari_stack_pushp 5800
perm_conj 418299
perm_inv 3746801
perm_mul 80942188
perm_sqr 728
pol0_F2x 13230967
pol0_Flx 103097643
pol1_F2x 3947819
pol1_Flx 54880254
pol_0 82782690
pol_1 3753570
pol_x 3857498
pol_xn 2249598
pol_xnall 294
polx_F2x 1078677
polx_Flx 37486574
polx_zx 0
polxn_Flx 371
powIs 1561
powii 43130306
pr_get_e 16161995
pr_get_f 26443022
pr_get_gen 12071124
pr_get_p 92749872
pr_get_tau 49768199
pr_is_inert 17224063
pr_norm 1090477
prec2lg 4471707187
prec2nbits 103966783
prec2nbits_mul 581082
prec2ndec 9778
precdbl 475397
qfb_disc 18502506
qfb_disc3 4995869
qfb_is_qfi 64491731
quad_disc 1085
quadnorm 69881
random_Fq 0
remsBIL 8015744634
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
rnf_get_alpha 1428
rnf_get_degree 2506335
rnf_get_disc 357
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_index 105
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
rnf_get_map 135659
rnf_get_nf 786086
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
rnf_get_pol 2845192
rnf_get_polabs 327628
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
rnf_get_varn 574
rnf_get_zk 4830
row 763877
row_i 987
rowcopy 204988
rowpermute 14756186
rowslice 79442653
rowslicepermute 234279
rowsplice 273
ser_isexactzero 10120368
shallowcopy 27894654
sqrfrac 4148257
sqrti 6610398
sqrtnr 2810172
sqrtr 80376209
sstoQ 1097313
sturm 385
submulii 31982591
submuliu 7700
submuliu_inplace 60142412
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
ulogint 1988054
upr_norm 346134
uutoQ 1602144
vec_append 3464638
vec_ei 1713885
vec_lengthen 18960
vec_prepend 313916
vec_setconst 0
vec_shorten 11555
vec_to_vecsmall 4036938
veclast 9372737
vecmodii 0
vecmoduu 49784
vecpermute 21099540
vecreverse 697305
vecreverse_inplace 2605
vecslice 657396523
vecslicepermute 2857557
vecsmall_append 4114681
vecsmall_coincidence 0
vecsmall_concat 1464191
vecsmall_copy 5368726
vecsmall_ei 584710
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_lengthen 547
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043257
vecsmall_max 1163921
vecsmall_min 2352
vecsmall_pack 84
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
vecsmall_prepend 186977
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_shorten 75640
vecsmall_to_col 7921543
vecsmall_to_vec 576881
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
vecsmallpermute 78746927
vecsmalltrunc_append 100766036
vecsmalltrunc_init 244563372
vecsplice 384930
vectrunc_append 15852307
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
vectrunc_init 11769500
zc_to_ZC 7907361
zero_F2m 0
zero_F2m_copy 845026
zero_F2v 3647662
zero_F2x 1350
zero_Flm 2830924
zero_Flm_copy 238227
zero_Flv 59734505
zero_Flx 1426691
zero_zm 0
zero_zv 37302521
zero_zx 0
zerocol 125135648
zeromat 109131
zeromatcopy 14377948
zeropadic 857656
zeropadic_shallow 17150
zeropol 42353252
zeroser 138992
zerovec 29343955
zerovec_block 29654
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zm_transpose 266
znstar_get_N 38658713
znstar_get_U 176107
znstar_get_Ui 46788
znstar_get_conreycyc 7982108
znstar_get_conreygen 3290526
znstar_get_cyc 262088
znstar_get_faN 7334819
znstar_get_gen 16150
znstar_get_no 14
znstar_get_pe 2869063
zv_copy 2183788
zv_to_ZV 568082
zv_to_zx 104146
zx_renormalize 14049
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0

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