Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30617-dd5c93fb0e) Lines: 1421 1535 92.6 %
Date: 2026-01-21 09:23:33 Functions: 649 707 91.8 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2m_coeff 8038938
F2m_copy 200441
F2m_flip 1554326
F2m_set 798
F2v_clear 12354054
F2v_coeff 661322517
F2v_copy 4487
F2v_ei 42
F2v_flip 1554326
F2v_set 101403816
F2v_to_F2x 37941
F2xX_shift 0
F2x_clear 12354052
F2x_coeff 667940353
F2x_copy 60452837
F2x_div 1571019
F2x_equal 4662854
F2x_equal1 2874283
F2x_flip 1554326
F2x_renormalize 115238121
F2x_set 124764264
F2xqX_div 33173
F3m_coeff 3255864
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
Flm_copy 6433548
Flm_row 8741464
Flv_copy 2555016
Flx_constant 334028
Flx_copy 173148074
Flx_div 1997999
Flx_div_pre 21684612
Flx_equal1 8330194
Flx_lead 978895
Flx_mulu 1105455
FlxqX_div 0
FlxqX_div_pre 165409
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQX_div 4526
FpXQX_renormalize 4693879
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FpXX_renormalize 849917
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20587
FpX_div 5581207
FpX_renormalize 144195478
Fp_add 181183884
Fp_addmul 11283543
Fp_center 77185741
Fp_center_i 18043355
Fp_div 15035245
Fp_divu 15129748
Fp_double 20969185
Fp_halve 247271
Fp_inv 23440598
Fp_invsafe 1100357
Fp_mul 200838571
Fp_muls 17780
Fp_mulu 67555845
Fp_neg 31481694
Fp_red 82189469
Fp_sqr 63946172
Fp_sub 203362041
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_mul 22766
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_Fp_mul 571441
FqX_Fq_mul 427293
FqX_add 127694
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_degfact 47786
FqX_deriv 40061
FqX_div 38565
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_extgcd 444666
FqX_factor 140945
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
FqX_gcd 8288
FqX_get_red 6090
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_halve 19411
FqX_integ 0
FqX_is_squarefree 683802
FqX_mul 367704
FqX_mulu 21942
FqX_neg 24956
FqX_normalize 4144
FqX_powu 1295
FqX_red 25354
FqX_rem 37743
FqX_roots 7273
FqX_sqr 71855
FqX_sub 68607
FqX_to_mod 175
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_expint 6590
FqXn_inv 7126
FqXn_mul 263403
FqXn_sqr 0
Fq_red 3106472
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
GENbinbase 961898484
QV_isscalar 54415322
Q_abs 8062658
Q_abs_shallow 120225
Qtoss 35322
R_abs 0
R_abs_shallow 13097
RgC_fpnorml2 619845
RgC_gtofp 34030431
RgC_gtomp 574
RgM_dimensions 9741716
RgM_fpnorml2 22662
RgM_gtofp 8258086
RgM_gtomp 21
RgM_minor 1036
RgM_shallowcopy 22179277
RgV_gtofp 56
RgV_is_QV 140734
RgV_is_ZV 32158276
RgV_isin 110144
RgV_isin_i 110144
RgV_isscalar 1210269
RgXQX_div 1904
RgXQX_rem 127635
RgX_coeff 2669861
RgX_copy 103406704
RgX_div 7000642
RgX_equal_var 26883025
RgX_fpnorml2 61496
RgX_gtofp 7144818
RgX_is_QX 399935
RgX_is_ZX 22423469
RgX_is_monomial 1331345
RgX_is_rational 68165
RgX_isscalar 0
RgX_renormalize 349807
RgX_shift_inplace 479399
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479399
RgX_to_RgV 140
Rg_col_ei 1450967
Rg_to_Fq 756
ZC_hnfrem 10697329
ZM_ZV_mod 596463
ZM_hnfrem 363767
ZM_lll 7117843
ZV_ZV_mod 8131357
ZV_dvd 23485
ZV_isscalar 23674899
ZV_to_zv 3211407
ZXQ_mul 2161285
ZXQ_sqr 960441
ZX_equal1 12850
ZX_is_monic 7374329
ZX_renormalize 154948816
Z_ispower 98
Z_issquare 458713
abgrp_get_cyc 12230757
abgrp_get_gen 1765020
abgrp_get_no 354949
absfrac 46638743
absfrac_shallow 28237
addmuliu 535816
addmuliu_inplace 59708488
affc_fixlg 249622
affgr 898901
bid_get_MOD 2157249
bid_get_U 3680229
bid_get_arch 41188
bid_get_archp 2397095
bid_get_cyc 5739793
bid_get_fact 2498925
bid_get_fact2 2201571
bid_get_gen 64274
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_grp 5804650
bid_get_ideal 72842
bid_get_mod 1521922
bid_get_no 0
bid_get_sarch 48594
bid_get_sprk 2157979
bin_copy 496053384
bit_accuracy 3159506456
bit_accuracy_mul 3175484
bit_prec 143234110
bnf_get_clgp 5374992
bnf_get_cyc 3686099
bnf_get_fu 25859
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289083
bnf_get_gen 1680306
bnf_get_logfu 2874764
bnf_get_nf 9865143
bnf_get_no 8372
bnf_get_reg 648
bnf_get_sunits 1367772
bnf_get_tuN 282994
bnf_get_tuU 303573
bnr_get_bid 2046087
bnr_get_bnf 3710948
bnr_get_clgp 2830229
bnr_get_cyc 2522558
bnr_get_gen 7847
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
bnr_get_mod 77119
bnr_get_nf 1399077
bnr_get_no 277491
both_odd 124025466
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
cgetalloc 10166
cgetc 975459
cgiv 102674370
checkell_i 5593236
closure_arity 371580666
closure_codestr 321707519
closure_get_code 0
closure_get_data 321677611
closure_get_dbg 13628
closure_get_frame 14158155
closure_get_oper 321694292
closure_get_text 37065
closure_is_variadic 44790127
col_ei 5924603
coltrunc_init 740250
const_col 9729695
const_vec 34475520
const_vecsmall 19706304
constant_coeff 1441140
cxcompotor 18210216
cxnorm 91200752
cxtofp 9079265
cxtoreal 337206
cyc_get_expo 2757537
cyclic_perm 99911
dbllog2r 92816813
degpol 5487138281
div_content 58505
divsBIL 8089210894
ellQp_get_p 1134
ellQp_get_prec 308
ellQp_get_zero 1463
ellR_get_prec 232750
ellR_get_sign 371535
ell_get_a1 8997090
ell_get_a2 7106189
ell_get_a3 8814057
ell_get_a4 8536730
ell_get_a6 10370968
ell_get_b2 7371030
ell_get_b4 2550216
ell_get_b6 3863115
ell_get_b8 3297414
ell_get_c4 11017681
ell_get_c6 13474081
ell_get_disc 16814875
ell_get_j 2126269
ell_get_type 12498850
ell_is_inf 52352630
ellff_get_a4a6 800041
ellff_get_field 2036884
ellinf 1869788
ellnf_get_bnf 119
ellnf_get_nf 2027260
equali1 1174317283
equalim1 139505353
err_get_compo 294
err_get_num 62537
gaddgs 123248644
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_e 91
gal_get_gen 15435
gal_get_group 80386
gal_get_invvdm 27874
gal_get_mod 23758
gal_get_orders 6678
gal_get_p 6006
gal_get_pol 36316
gal_get_roots 32732
gc_GEN 255531408
gc_INT 4110320143
gc_INT_affii 8485040
gc_all 109637948
gc_leaf 1136099927
gc_slice 2204207
gc_upto 1953439778
gchar_copy_precs 1225
gchar_get_DLdata 190673
gchar_get_S 36995
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_Ui 10983
gchar_get_basis 32816
gchar_get_bnf 205373
gchar_get_cyc 16177
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_hnf 0
gchar_get_loccyc 50519
gchar_get_m0 3318
gchar_get_mod 8225
gchar_get_modP 4095
gchar_get_nalg 2044
gchar_get_nc 37261
gchar_get_nf 243946
gchar_get_nfprec 13468
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_nm 1869
gchar_get_ns 36995
gchar_get_ntors 322
gchar_get_prec 18795
gchar_get_r1 17444
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_get_sfu 1743
gchar_get_u0 4252
gchar_get_zm 281911
gchar_set_HUUi 630
gchar_set_basis 1575
gchar_set_cyc 1575
gchar_set_evalprec 1813
gchar_set_m0 945
gchar_set_nalg 630
gchar_set_nf 2110
gchar_set_nfprec 2968
gchar_set_nfree 630
gchar_set_ntors 630
gchar_set_prec 1225
gchar_set_u0 2121
gcmpgs 761924
gdivsg 531591
gen_I 1269709
gener_Fq_local 29946
gequalgs 29176
get_F2x_degree 1929109
get_F2x_mod 2499438
get_F2x_var 2534146
get_F2xqX_degree 200851
get_F2xqX_mod 343
get_F2xqX_var 375375
get_Flx_degree 82227947
get_Flx_mod 25592063
get_Flx_var 68342880
get_FlxqX_degree 317565
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
get_FlxqX_var 264420
get_FpXQX_degree 3589
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
get_FpXQX_var 51630
get_FpX_degree 6424273
get_FpX_mod 3394376
get_FpX_var 6957551
gisdouble 2996021
gmax_shallow 13510197
gmaxsg 0
gmin_shallow 877690
gminsg 0
gmulgs 22554754
gmulgu 282059385
gsubgs 1724806
gtodouble 60780127
gtofp 254310975
gtomp 22428
gtos 85855689
gtou 99538
guncloneNULL 47931143
guncloneNULL_deep 1432850
gval 6230
hash_str 2756815
hash_str_len 31544989
icopy_avma 8039817284
idealchineseinit 5427
idealred 138439
identity_ZV 8113
identity_perm 3241280
identity_zv 3265630
inf_get_sign 1452945
inv_content 0
is_bigint 563358576
is_const_t 4896533573
is_extscalar_t 6876
is_intreal_t 9584863
is_matvec_t 659718760
is_noncalc_t 85871889
is_pm1 2205035095
is_qfb_t 0
is_rational_t 5032492
is_real_t 62062466
is_recursive_t 9235175594
is_scalar_t 375657568
is_universal_constant 325854855
is_vec_t 43942455
isint1 17584783
isintm1 5710130
isintzero 2843409084
ismpzero 9584751
isonstack 8270575896
killblock 1918304
leading_coeff 170256917
leafcopy_avma 576966788
lg_increase 314253632
lgcols 351593334
lgpol 2683888688
lincombii 38221141
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_Lsprk 193935
locs_get_cyc 52136
locs_get_famod 1288
locs_get_m_infty 209475
locs_get_mod 8225
logint 754823
matpascal 3983
matslice 16818497
mkcol 10639680
mkcol2 156887597
mkcol2s 4416244
mkcol3 88314
mkcol3s 315
mkcol4 103467
mkcol4s 0
mkcol5 94
mkcol6 232470
mkcolcopy 33553
mkcols 40411
mkcomplex 91610454
mkerr 0
mkfrac 41636373
mkfraccopy 4999664
mkfracss 1209563
mkintmod 8092697
mkintmodu 1813
mkmat 4750935
mkmat2 33654039
mkmat22 50281775
mkmat22s 207578
mkmat3 17001
mkmat4 84
mkmat5 0
mkmatcopy 122301
mkmoo 108800
mkoo 1331886
mkpadic 2009
mkpolmod 3103722
mkqfb 27930268
mkquad 69118
mkrfrac 698439
mkrfraccopy 14
mkvec 71124837
mkvec2 184802560
mkvec2copy 114531
mkvec2s 220249
mkvec3 117737411
mkvec3s 524441
mkvec4 10093849
mkvec4s 21
mkvec5 15185727
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 0
mkvec6s 301
mkveccopy 122521
mkvecs 168
mkvecsmall 131634072
mkvecsmall2 234814969
mkvecsmall3 104171826
mkvecsmall4 18659106
mkvecsmall5 1717495
modpr_get_T 13867062
modpr_get_p 1887627
modpr_get_pr 31236571
mul_content 2657104
mul_denom 10707608
mulsubii 3881222
nbits2extraprec 1457528705
nbits2ndec 228
nbits2nlong 12751570
nbits2prec 186113823
nbrows 157458837
nchar2nlong 127390027
ndec2nbits 8270
ndec2nlong 41584
ndec2prec 33314
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
nf_get_G 304889
nf_get_M 21745672
nf_get_Tr 22082
nf_get_degree 71368720
nf_get_diff 4445
nf_get_disc 463483
nf_get_index 3711394
nf_get_invzk 9767647
nf_get_pol 98106479
nf_get_r1 23466098
nf_get_r2 4154
nf_get_ramified_primes 64644
nf_get_roots 1628957
nf_get_roundG 1748200
nf_get_sign 519551
nf_get_varn 1503767
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_zkden 5459850
nf_get_zkprimpart 5414110
normalize_frac 17205741
odd 2089738861
pari_calloc 47720
pari_err_BUG 14
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
pari_err_COPRIME 84
pari_err_DIM 718
pari_err_DOMAIN 2862
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_IMPL 539
pari_err_INV 20018
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIME 98
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
pari_err_ROOTS0 63
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
pari_err_TYPE 15370
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
pari_err_VAR 371
pari_free 509454797
pari_malloc 745342225
pari_realloc 1890
pari_realloc_ip 2256768
pari_stack_alloc 1019740463
pari_stack_base 1025322899
pari_stack_delete 5585192
pari_stack_init 6051154
pari_stack_new 925080387
pari_stack_pushp 5851
perm_conj 418299
perm_inv 2781890
perm_mul 80896574
perm_sqr 728
pol0_F2x 13248064
pol0_Flx 103473018
pol1_F2x 3958504
pol1_Flx 55048287
pol_0 82996660
pol_1 3755729
pol_x 3857137
pol_xn 2249288
pol_xnall 294
polx_F2x 1078713
polx_Flx 37479574
polx_zx 0
polxn_Flx 371
powIs 1561
powii 43130450
pr_get_e 16162137
pr_get_f 26443554
pr_get_gen 12071149
pr_get_p 92750965
pr_get_tau 49768773
pr_is_inert 17223861
pr_norm 1090551
prec2lg 4469550567
prec2nbits 103961202
prec2nbits_mul 581166
prec2ndec 9778
precdbl 475371
qfb_disc 18502559
qfb_disc3 4996076
qfb_is_qfi 62330797
quad_disc 1085
quadnorm 69881
random_Fq 0
remsBIL 7998240960
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
rnf_get_alpha 1428
rnf_get_degree 2506335
rnf_get_disc 357
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_index 105
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
rnf_get_map 135659
rnf_get_nf 786086
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
rnf_get_pol 2845192
rnf_get_polabs 327628
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
rnf_get_varn 574
rnf_get_zk 4830
row 763905
row_i 987
rowcopy 204988
rowpermute 14705363
rowslice 79329253
rowslicepermute 185094
rowsplice 273
ser_isexactzero 10120284
shallowcopy 27631461
sqrfrac 4148235
sqrti 6610155
sqrtnr 2810191
sqrtr 80370584
sstoQ 1097215
sturm 385
submulii 31982591
submuliu 7700
submuliu_inplace 60194729
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
ulogint 1719217
upr_norm 346136
uutoQ 1600198
vec_append 3465090
vec_ei 1713861
vec_lengthen 18960
vec_prepend 313996
vec_setconst 0
vec_shorten 11557
vec_to_vecsmall 4036619
veclast 9372730
vecmodii 0
vecmoduu 49784
vecpermute 20547845
vecreverse 697277
vecreverse_inplace 2605
vecslice 656229327
vecslicepermute 2690240
vecsmall_append 4099617
vecsmall_coincidence 0
vecsmall_concat 1464245
vecsmall_copy 4403905
vecsmall_ei 584718
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_lengthen 547
vecsmall_lexcmp 7043252
vecsmall_max 1164102
vecsmall_min 2345
vecsmall_pack 84
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
vecsmall_prepend 186970
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_shorten 75643
vecsmall_to_col 7838696
vecsmall_to_vec 511781
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
vecsmallpermute 78701162
vecsmalltrunc_append 100789727
vecsmalltrunc_init 189037329
vecsplice 384920
vectrunc_append 15851460
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
vectrunc_init 11768816
zc_to_ZC 7824514
zero_F2m 0
zero_F2m_copy 845051
zero_F2v 3647760
zero_F2x 1350
zero_Flm 2829235
zero_Flm_copy 238242
zero_Flv 59674517
zero_Flx 1426720
zero_zm 0
zero_zv 36734882
zero_zx 0
zerocol 122331079
zeromat 109111
zeromatcopy 14250227
zeropadic 855491
zeropadic_shallow 17024
zeropol 42354021
zeroser 138908
zerovec 28453585
zerovec_block 29654
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zm_transpose 266
znstar_get_N 38655073
znstar_get_U 176107
znstar_get_Ui 46788
znstar_get_conreycyc 7979693
znstar_get_conreygen 3290176
znstar_get_cyc 262088
znstar_get_faN 7331711
znstar_get_gen 16150
znstar_get_no 14
znstar_get_pe 2869063
zv_copy 2183777
zv_to_ZV 502982
zv_to_zx 104146
zx_renormalize 14049
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0

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