Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - basemath - Flx.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30674-be81ecfdd4) Lines: 2553 2925 87.3 %
Date: 2026-02-11 09:23:10 Functions: 304 363 83.7 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by hit count
Fl2_equal1 450072
Fl2_inv_pre 197380
Fl2_mul_pre 1954603
Fl2_norm_pre 127594
Fl2_pow_pre 671932
Fl2_sqr_pre 4914296
Fl2_sqrt_pre 65849
Fl2_sqrtn_pre 76102
Fl_Flxq_log 35541
Fl_Xp1_powu 0
Fl_to_Flx 21951890
Flm_to_FlxV 2772
FlvV_polint_tree 2587373
Flv_Flm_polint 104559
Flv_inv 1744426
Flv_invVandermonde 153445
Flv_inv_i 1756439
Flv_inv_indir 52214
Flv_inv_inplace 12017
Flv_inv_pre 9644
Flv_inv_pre_indir 21147388
Flv_inv_pre_inplace 19410636
Flv_polint 1485154
Flv_prod 0
Flv_prod_pre 3719
Flv_producttree 1745637
Flv_roots_to_pol 842009
Flv_to_Flx 25488182
FlxC_Fl_translate 0
FlxC_FlxqV_eval 0
FlxC_FlxqV_eval_pre 0
FlxC_Flxq_eval 0
FlxC_Flxq_eval_pre 0
FlxC_eval_powers_pre 325157
FlxC_neg 0
FlxC_sub 0
FlxC_to_ZXC 104060
FlxM_Fl_translate 0
FlxM_Flx_add_shallow 0
FlxM_Flx_mul2 26000
FlxM_eval_powers_pre 22302
FlxM_max_degree 0
FlxM_max_degree_i 0
FlxM_mul 0
FlxM_mul2 7099
FlxM_mul_Kronecker_i 81581
FlxM_neg 0
FlxM_pack_ZM 46835
FlxM_pack_ZM_bits 116239
FlxM_sub 0
FlxM_to_FlxXV 0
FlxM_to_ZXM 2485
FlxT_red 291674
FlxV_Flc_mul 34482
FlxV_Flv_multieval 2471
FlxV_Flv_multieval_tree 2471
FlxV_Flx_fromdigits 0
FlxV_composedsum 28956
FlxV_factorback 0
FlxV_max_degree_i 0
FlxV_prod 0
FlxV_red 0
FlxV_to_Flm 171879
FlxV_to_Flm_lg 12969352
FlxV_to_FlxX 397977
FlxV_to_ZXV 606829
FlxV_to_ZXV_inplace 3031594
Flx_Fl2_eval_pre 10773
Flx_Fl_add 9847909
Flx_Fl_mul 7326742
Flx_Fl_mul_pre 18290360
Flx_Fl_mul_to_monic 11857873
Flx_Fl_sub 151679
Flx_Fl_translate 0
Flx_Flv_multieval 0
Flx_Flv_multieval_tree 1785929
Flx_FlxM_qmul 6927
Flx_FlxqV_eval 5082
Flx_FlxqV_eval_pre 13168313
Flx_Flxq_eval 791298
Flx_Flxq_eval_pre 2444592
Flx_Frobenius 86617
Flx_Frobenius_pre 13812947
Flx_Laplace 27359
Flx_Newton 54097
Flx_add 66133601
Flx_addmulmul 416796
Flx_addshift 3729093
Flx_addspec 7259598
Flx_blocks 526406
Flx_blocks_Flm 12969016
Flx_composedprod 0
Flx_composedsum 27551
Flx_convol 0
Flx_deflate 420785
Flx_deriv 22980805
Flx_diff1 14448
Flx_digits 0
Flx_div_by_X_x 36579711
Flx_divrem 30448050
Flx_divrem_Barrett 603875
Flx_divrem_Barrettspec 905443
Flx_divrem_basecase 62280965
Flx_divrem_pre 79725708
Flx_double 2443925
Flx_equal 27682567
Flx_eval 20446055
Flx_eval2BILspec 603293
Flx_eval_powers_pre 48634897
Flx_eval_pre 136190549
Flx_extgcd 856780
Flx_extgcd_basecase 6286197
Flx_extgcd_halfgcd 146653
Flx_extgcd_pre 6286221
Flx_extresultant 53
Flx_extresultant_basecase 53
Flx_extresultant_pre 53
Flx_fromNewton 109404
Flx_gcd 35020497
Flx_gcd_basecase 85787749
Flx_gcd_pre 87447621
Flx_get_red 14504281
Flx_get_red_pre 97859408
Flx_halfgcd 0
Flx_halfgcd_all 154
Flx_halfgcd_all_i 1126832
Flx_halfgcd_all_pre 1126836
Flx_halfgcd_pre 873314
Flx_halfres_basecase 1133908
Flx_halfres_i 1153875
Flx_halfres_pre 1044
Flx_halfres_split 19964
Flx_halfres_update_pre 9405
Flx_halve 14026
Flx_inflate 159935
Flx_integ 0
Flx_integXn 422812
Flx_invBarrett 0
Flx_invBarrett_Newton 23161
Flx_invBarrett_basecase 134391
Flx_invBarrett_pre 158851
Flx_invLaplace 54369
Flx_is_l_pow 8131
Flx_is_smooth 74256
Flx_is_smooth_pre 118147
Flx_is_smooth_squarefree 126277
Flx_is_squarefree 9181113
Flx_lgrenormalizespec 2133095
Flx_matFrobenius 0
Flx_matFrobenius_pre 86566
Flx_mod_Xn1 31510
Flx_mod_Xnm1 4907389
Flx_mul 27785057
Flx_mul_pre 380954268
Flx_mulhigh_i 948395
Flx_mullimb 1188094149
Flx_mullimb_ok 3398936065
Flx_mulspec 386557045
Flx_mulspec_Kronecker 7352492
Flx_mulspec_basecase 348795505
Flx_mulspec_halfmulii 5463
Flx_mulspec_mulii 10142
Flx_mulspec_mulii_inflate 294045
Flx_mulspec_quartmulii 97166
Flx_neg 3263652
Flx_neg_inplace 1780025
Flx_negspec 3263653
Flx_normalize 64855628
Flx_powu 0
Flx_powu_pre 3875
Flx_recip 0
Flx_recipspec 7287232
Flx_red 1877780
Flx_rem 42227958
Flx_rem_basecase 801515987
Flx_rem_pre 925628355
Flx_renormalize 2158399598
Flx_rescale 1117
Flx_resultant 4731609
Flx_resultant_basecase_pre 14596385
Flx_resultant_pre 14598447
Flx_shift 27401137
Flx_shiftip 634724829
Flx_splitting 147042
Flx_sqr 354627
Flx_sqr_pre 277303617
Flx_sqrspec 277436166
Flx_sqrspec_Kronecker 695033
Flx_sqrspec_basecase 276630548
Flx_sqrspec_halfsqri 136
Flx_sqrspec_quartsqri 10218
Flx_sqrspec_sqri 2068
Flx_sqrspec_sqri_inflate 11814
Flx_sub 138650267
Flx_subspec 897706
Flx_to_Flv 66651466
Flx_to_FlxX 71405
Flx_to_ZX 38299920
Flx_to_ZX_inplace 36548842
Flx_to_int_halfspec 468590
Flx_to_int_quartspec 204548
Flx_translate1 17108
Flx_translate1_basecase 29202
Flx_triple 1049261
Flx_unscale 0
Flx_val 4476630
Flx_valrem 28518253
Flxn_div 56342
Flxn_div_pre 56360
Flxn_exp 0
Flxn_expint 109400
Flxn_inv 1037
Flxn_mul 75837
Flxn_mul_pre 5181417
Flxn_mulhigh 526354
Flxn_recip 217412
Flxn_red 6363853
Flxn_sqr 0
Flxn_sqr_pre 0
FlxqC_Flxq_mul 0
FlxqC_red_pre 234845
FlxqM_Flxq_mul 0
FlxqM_mul_Kronecker 81581
FlxqM_red_pre 81581
FlxqV_dotproduct 0
FlxqV_dotproduct_pre 113589
FlxqX_dotproduct 1918
Flxq_autpow 7
Flxq_autpow_msqr 20696
Flxq_autpow_pre 69449
Flxq_autpow_sqr 47313
Flxq_autpowers 1667
Flxq_autsum 0
Flxq_autsum_mul 112472
Flxq_autsum_pre 98768
Flxq_autsum_sqr 105110
Flxq_auttrace 0
Flxq_auttrace_mul 780165
Flxq_auttrace_pre 960013
Flxq_auttrace_sqr 652850
Flxq_charpoly 3625
Flxq_conjvec 20
Flxq_div 237891
Flxq_div_pre 2416846
Flxq_easylog 519348
Flxq_inv 335769
Flxq_inv_pre 4286484
Flxq_invsafe 670379
Flxq_invsafe_pre 5429469
Flxq_is2npower 0
Flxq_issquare 404492
Flxq_log 164210
Flxq_lroot 0
Flxq_lroot_fast 0
Flxq_lroot_fast_pre 113589
Flxq_lroot_pre 25053
Flxq_matrix_pow 399
Flxq_matrix_pow_pre 170658
Flxq_minpoly 45937
Flxq_minpoly_pre 809752
Flxq_mul 13192551
Flxq_mul_pre 189631724
Flxq_norm 443138
Flxq_order 97328
Flxq_pow 948249
Flxq_pow_Frobenius 23125190
Flxq_pow_init 0
Flxq_pow_init_pre 28
Flxq_pow_pre 24188650
Flxq_pow_table 0
Flxq_pow_table_pre 4391
Flxq_powers 232003
Flxq_powers_pre 22437635
Flxq_powu 488342
Flxq_powu_pre 24178320
Flxq_sqr 2763152
Flxq_sqr_pre 276355714
Flxq_sqrt 230547
Flxq_sqrt_pre 230547
Flxq_sqrtl_spec_pre 37667
Flxq_sqrtn 23095
Flxq_sqrtn_spec_pre 21901
Flxq_sumautsum_msqr 40915
Flxq_sumautsum_pre 210713
Flxq_sumautsum_sqr 295314
Flxq_trace 4696
Flxq_transmul 4213159
Flxq_transmul_init 1746584
RgXV_to_FlxV 7
RgX_to_Flx 2205414
Rg_to_F2 1710078
Rg_to_Fl 72937023
Rg_to_Flxq 3588293
ZM_unpack_FlxM 23421
ZM_unpack_FlxM_bits 58160
ZXT_to_FlxT 3812302
ZXV_to_FlxV 0
ZX_to_Flx 170998632
Z_mod2BIL_Flx 305859
Z_mod2BIL_Flx_2 308789
Z_mod2BIL_Flx_3 0
Z_to_Flx 7556431
ZpX_invLaplace_init 497
_Fl2_mul 1925560
_Fl2_pow 671924
_Fl2_rand 113918
_Fl2_sqr 4914268
_Flx_add 0
_Flx_composedsum 3882
_Flx_divrem 0
_Flx_mul 11784615
_Flx_one 0
_Flx_pow 0
_Flx_sqr 0
_Flxq_add 389834
_Flxq_equal0 69139
_Flxq_inv 9460
_Flxq_mul 148429262
_Flxq_neg 366572
_Flxq_one 22438503
_Flxq_pow 23117782
_Flxq_powu 68
_Flxq_powu_i 22925385
_Flxq_rand 6559
_Flxq_red 1550928
_Flxq_rmul 1461838
_Flxq_s 6567
_Flxq_sqr 268522299
bounded_order 395381
gener_Flxq 7201
get_Fl_threshold 2334806935
get_Flx_red 989681280
get_Flxq_field 68902
get_Flxq_star 283439
init_invlaplace 12514
int_to_Flx 12215
int_to_Flx_half 507058
int_to_Flx_quart 107385
kron_pack_Flx_spec 53168
kron_pack_Flx_spec_2 3389
kron_pack_Flx_spec_3 0
kron_pack_Flx_spec_bits 20993005
kron_pack_Flx_spec_half 688104
kron_unpack_Flx 42785
kron_unpack_Flx_2 2930
kron_unpack_Flx_3 0
kron_unpack_Flx_bits_narrow 5661206
kron_unpack_Flx_bits_wide 5668714
matJ2_FlxM 13
matid2_FlxM 911
maxbitcoeffpol 8481272
mkF2 7329588
monomial_Flx 941380
random_Flx 2646265
set_Flxq 68922
set_Flxq_pre 70105188
translate_basecase 42367
zero_FlxC 0
zero_FlxM 0
zero_FlxM_copy 0
zl_Xp1_powu 12017
zlx_translate1 25259
zx_to_Flx 6421779

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16